APA 6th - film, television, radio, video or podcast

Format

Producer (Prod.), Director (Dir.) or whichever is relevant. (Year of publication). Title of work [Medium of publication]. Country of origin: Studio.

Narrator (Narr.), Director (Dir.) or whichever is relevant. (Year of publication). "Title of chapter." In Producer (Producer), Title of work [Medium of publication]. Country of origin: Studio.

Example

Carlisle, V. (Writ. & Prod.), & Smith, R. (Dir.). (2003). Winemaking in New Zealand [DVD]. Auckland, New Zealand: University of Auckland.

Hood, G. (Dir.) (2014). "Director's Commentary." In O. S. Card, R. Chartoff, D. Coatsworth, D. D. Prete, L. Hendee, A. Johnston ... I. Zhong (Producers), Ender's game [DVD]. USA: Icon Film.

The first example is a standalone work. The second example shows how to reference one episode of a series; it takes a similar format to referencing a chapter in a book.

Format

Writer (Writ.), Director (Dir.), Performer (Perf.) or whichever is relevant. (Broadcast date). Title of programme, [Medium of publication]. Country of broadcast: Network.

Writer (Writ.), Director (Dir.), Performer (Perf.) or whichever is relevant. (Broadcast date). Title of episode [Medium of publication]. In Producer (Producer), Title of series. Country of broadcast: Network.

Example

Melamede, Y., Heicht, A., Fine, S., Fine, A. N., & Michael, E. (Prod.). (2015, Nov. 8). Inocente [Television documentary]. New Zealand: Māori Television.

Curran, J. (Writ.), Offwood, C. & Backlund, B. (Dirs.). (2012, Jan. 17). Episode two [Television series episode]. In J. Callan (Exec. Prod.), Primeval New Zealand. New Zealand: TVNZ.

On-demand television or radio describes media that has been broadcast and stored in an online database for future retrieval. If the database is accessible by subscription only, give the URL of the homepage.

Format

Writer (Writ.), Director (Dir.), Performer (Perf.) or whichever is relevant. (Broadcast date). Title of programme [Medium of publication]. Country of broadcast: Network. Retrieved from URL

Writer (Writ.), Director (Dir.), Performer (Perf.) or whichever is relevant. (Broadcast date). Title of episode [Medium of publication]. In Producer (Prod.), Title of series. Country of broadcast: Network. Retrieved from URL

Example

Holt, I., & Wilkinson, J. (Prod.), Wilkinson, J. (Dir.). (2016, May 21). The truth about sugar [Television documentary]. New Zealand: Prime Television. Retrieved from http://www.etv.org.nz

Tennant, D. (Narr.), Pilley, R. (Prod.). (2013, April 14). Flying high [Television series episode]. In J. Downer (Series Prod.), Earthflight. New Zealand: Prime Television. Retrieved from http://www.etv.org.nz

Media sharing websites often use stable URLs that link directly to the source. If the uploader has a real name and a screen name, add their screen name in square brackets [...] after their real name, otherwise just use their screen name.

Format

Screen name. (Date of publication). Title of Work [Medium of publication]. Retrieved from URL

Uploader's Real Name [screen name]. (Date of publication). Title of Work [Medium of publication]. Retrieved from URL

Example

Sicoe, V. (2013, May 17). Backstory - all about Eve (behind the scenes documentary) [Video file]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a98Bcu55nAM

Dunning, B. [volleybrian]. (2011, Jan. 12). inFact: Conspiracy theories [Video file]. Retrieved from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AEijdTeBMRM&index=5
&feature=plcp

Jones, R. C. (Producer). (2015, Oct. 9). Revolutionaries: Artificial intelligence [Audio podcast]. Retrieved from http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p034t02l

Place a comma preceding an ‘&’ before the last author's name.

Format

Contributor One, Two, Three, Four, Five, Six, & Seven (Prods.) or whichever is relevant. (Broadcast date). Title of programme, [Medium of publication]. Country of broadcast: Network.

Example

Melamede, Y., Heicht, A., Fine, S., Fine, A. N., & Michael, E. (Prods.). (2015, Nov. 8). Inocente [Television documentary]. New Zealand: Māori Television.

List the first six contributors' names, insert ellipses, then add the last contributor.

Format

Contributor One, Two, Three, Four, Five, Six, ... Last (Prods.) or whichever is relevant. (Broadcast date). Title of programme, [Medium of publication]. Country of broadcast: Network.

Example

Cole, R., Swift, M., Moffat, D. A., Carl, E., Gao, Z. Plimmer, G., ... Norton, J. S. (Writs.). (2010, Aug. 10). In vogue [Television series episode]. In M. Tullock (Prod.), Look who's talking. New Zealand: Prime Television.

• ... in a recent broadcast (Tennant, 2013). Another view, according to Tennant (2013), was that ...
• In a recent broadcast, Tennant (2013) suggested that ... Another view, according to Tennant, was that ...

Use ‘and’ between the contributors' surnames when they form part of the sentence. Use ‘&’ when they are enclosed within parentheses.

• ... in a recent study (Holt & Wilkinson, 2016). Another finding, according to Holt and Wilkinson (2016), was that ...
• In a recent study, Holt and Wilkinson (2016) showed that ... Another finding, according to Holt and Wilkinson, was that ...

List all surnames in the first citation, but subsequently, only the first listed contributor is used, followed by et al. A comma precedes ‘and’ and ‘&’ when there are three or more contributors.

• ... in a recent study (Melamede, Heicht, Fine, Fine, & Michael, 2015). Another finding, according to Melamede et al. (2015), was that ...
• In a recent study, Melamede, Heicht, Fine, Fine, and Michael (2015) showed that ... Another finding, according to Melamede et al., was that ...

Cite only the surname of the first contributor followed by ‘et al.’

• ... in a recent study (Cole et al., 2010). Another finding, according to Cole et al. (2010), was that ...
• In a recent study, Cole et al. (2010) showed that ... Another finding, according to Cole et al., was that ...